Statements: Some pens are books. All books are papers. Which conclusion follows?
- A. Some pens are papers
- B. All pens are papers
- C. No pen is a paper
- D. All papers are pens
Explanation
The pens that are books must also be papers, so at least some pens are papers, while nothing is known about the rest. A particular premise can never support a universal conclusion. The final option reverses a universal statement, which is invalid.
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