Viruses are described as obligate intracellular parasites because they

  • A. are smaller than any known bacterium
  • B. carry both DNA and RNA in the same particle
  • C. have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan
  • D. lack the ribosomes and enzymes needed to make their own proteins and ATP

Explanation

A virus particle has nucleic acid and protein but no ribosomes, no respiratory enzymes and no ATP generating system, so it can only replicate by taking over a living host cell's machinery. Small size alone does not force parasitism, since many free living bacteria are smaller than the largest viruses. A virus also never carries both DNA and RNA as its genome, and it has no cell wall of any kind.

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