All daffodils are plants. All plants are living things. Some living things are real. Conclusions: I. All daffodils are living things. II. Some living things are flowers. III. All daffodils are real. Which conclusions follow?
- A. Only I
- B. Only I and II
- C. Only II and III
- D. All follow
Explanation
Daffodils sit inside plants and plants inside living things, so the chain gives conclusion I validly. Conclusion II introduces flowers, a term that appears nowhere in the premises, and conclusion III wrongly assumes the some living things that are real must include the daffodils. A valid conclusion may use only the terms the premises supply.
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