Statements: Some students are hardworking. All hardworking people succeed. Conclusion: All students succeed. This conclusion is
- A. valid
- B. invalid
- C. necessarily true
- D. identical to the premise
Explanation
Only the hardworking students are guaranteed success, so the valid conclusion is that some students succeed, not all. Widening a some premise into an all conclusion is the single most common error in this topic. Always check that the quantity of the conclusion matches its support.
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