A few organisms are known to grow and multiply at temperatures of 100 to 105 oC. They belong to:

Explanation

Organisms that are known to grow and multiply at temperatures of 100 to 105°C are typically thermophilic and are often associated with extreme environments. Let's examine each option and provide details: Thermophilic Sulphur Bacteria (a): Some thermophilic sulfur bacteria can thrive at high temperatures, including those found in hot springs and hydrothermal vents. However, temperatures as high as 100 to 105°C are quite extreme, and only a limited number of organisms can survive at such temperatures. Hot Spring Blue-Green Algae (b): Hot spring blue-green algae, also known as cyanobacteria, are photosynthetic microorganisms that can be thermophilic. Some cyanobacteria are adapted to high-temperature environments, such as hot springs. While they can thrive in elevated temperatures, not all can grow at temperatures as high as 100 to 105°C. Methanogenic Archaebacteria (c): Methanogenic archaebacteria are often associated with extreme environments, including high-temperature environments. They are known to grow at elevated temperatures, and some may be thermophilic. However, not all of them can withstand temperatures as high as 100 to 105°C. Marine Archaebacteria (d): Marine archaebacteria can inhabit various environments, but their temperature tolerance may not extend to the range of 100 to 105°C. They are generally found in marine environments, which may not reach such high temperatures. Correct Answer: Organisms that are known to grow and multiply at temperatures of 100 to 105°C are primarily associated with "Thermophilic Sulphur Bacteria." Summary: While various extremophiles can survive and thrive in high-temperature environments, including thermophilic sulfur bacteria, hot spring blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), and methanogenic archaebacteria, it is often the thermophilic sulfur bacteria that are capable of growing at temperatures as high as 100 to 105°C. These organisms have unique adaptations that enable them to withstand and even utilize the extreme heat found in specific environments like deep-sea hydrothermal vents and some hot springs.