In order for anaphase to begin, which of the following must occur?
Correct answer: D. Kinetochores must attach to the metaphase plate
- A. Chromatids must lose their kinetochores
- B. Cohesin must attach the sister chromatids to each other
- C. Cohesin must be cleaved enzymatically
- D. Kinetochores must attach to the metaphase plate
Explanation
In order for anaphase to begin, the kinetochores must attach to the metaphase plate. During metaphase, replicated chromosomes align along the metaphase plate, and the spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores, which are protein structures located at the centromere of each chromosome. Once all chromosomes are properly aligned and attached, the cell proceeds to anaphase.
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Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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