The gravitational forces acting on the two bodies form:
Correct answer: D. An action and reaction pair
- A. Couple
- B. Reaction force
- C. Both couple and reaction pair
- D. An action and reaction pair
Explanation
According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In the context of gravitational forces between two bodies, the gravitational force exerted by one body on another forms an action-reaction pair. Specifically, if Body A exerts a gravitational force on Body B, then Body B simultaneously exerts an equal and opposite gravitational force on Body A. Mathematically, if FAB is the gravitational force exerted by Body A on Body B, then FBA, the force exerted by Body B on Body A, is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction: FAB= -FBA These action-reaction pairs ensure that the forces are balanced and consistent with the conservation of momentum. Gravitational forces are always attractive and act along the line joining the centers of the two masses involved.
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Newton’s law of universal gravitation relates the force between masses to their masses and separation, while gravitational field strength explains weight and orbital motion. The topic covers satellite velocity and period, escape ideas, weightlessness in free fall, and artificial gravity, which differs from ordinary gravitational attraction.
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