The mechanism of ATP formation, both in chloroplast and mitochondria, is explained by:
Correct answer: A. Chemiosmotic theory
- A. Chemiosmotic theory
- B. Munch's hypothesis (mass flow model)
- C. Relay pump theory of Godlewski
- D. Cholodny-Went model
Explanation
The chemiosmotic theory, proposed by Peter Mitchell, is the most widely accepted explanation for ATP synthesis in mitochondria and chloroplasts. It involves the creation of a proton gradient across a membrane, which drives ATP synthesis as protons flow back across the membrane through ATP synthase.
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Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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