The pH of a solution can be kept constant by:
Correct answer: C. Buffer solution
- A. Saturated solution
- B. Super saturated solution
- C. Buffer solution
- D. Dilute solution
Explanation
A buffer solution is a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to it. It consists of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid). The buffer solution works by undergoing a reversible reaction that consumes or releases hydrogen ions (H+) to maintain a relatively constant pH. The buffer solution responds to the addition of acid or base by shifting the equilibrium of the weak acid-conjugate base pair, minimizing the change in pH.Buffer solutions are used where maintaining a constant pH is critical.
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Solutions are described using molarity, molality, normality, mole fraction, percentage concentration and parts per million. Coverage also includes vapour-pressure lowering, boiling-point elevation, freezing-point depression and osmotic pressure, then distinguishes true solutions, colloids and suspensions by particle size, stability, light scattering and settling.
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