What are the most diverse molecules in the cell?
Correct answer: C. Proteins
- A. Lipids
- B. Mineral salts
- C. Proteins
- D. Carbohydrates
Explanation
Proteins show enormous diversity because of different proportions and sequences of twenty amino acids within the protein molecule. A large number of permutations and combinations of these amino acids are responsible for the unlimited variety of proteins. Proteins are the most abundant and most varied of the macromolecules having one or more polypeptides (chains of amino acids). The proteins constitute almost 50% of the total dry weight of the cell. Proteins may be simple or conjugated. Among conjugated, proteins may be phosphoprotein, glycoprotein, nucleoprotein, chromoprotein, lipoprotein, flavoprotein, metalloprotein, etc. Functionally proteins may be structural protein, enzymes, hormones, respiratory pigment, etc.
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About Biological Molecules
The chapter covers water's polarity and biological roles, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, including their monomers, bonds, structures and functions. It also distinguishes RNA from DNA and explains conjugated molecules such as glycoproteins, glycolipids and nucleoproteins, which combine organic molecules with a non-protein component.
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