Which of the following is the most important cause of animals and plants being driven to extinction?
Correct answer: A. Habitat loss and fragmentation
- A. Habitat loss and fragmentation
- B. Co-extinctions
- C. Overexploitation
- D. Alien species invasion
Explanation
Destruction of natural habitats causes the most serious threat to biodiversity. Over population, urbanization, and industrialization lead to the destruction or fragmentation of natural habitats to fulfill the requirement for additional land. Loss of habitat results in the annihilation of plants, and microorganisms, and the forcing out of animals which in alien lands die out after some time. Fragmentation of habitats results in the disruption of complex interactions amongst species, destruction of species in the cleared regions, annihilation of species restricted to deeper undisturbed parts of forests, and decreased biodiversity in the habitat fragments.
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About Man and His Environment
Ecosystems include biotic and abiotic components, food chains and webs, energy flow, nutrient cycles, populations and ecological relationships. Pollution and conservation cover air, water, soil and noise pollution, their effects on organisms, biodiversity loss, protected areas, sustainable resource use and methods for reducing environmental damage.
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