Free Biodiversity and Variety of Life MCQs with Answers

3041. Basidiocarps are developed by:

• A. Primary mycelium
• B. Secondary mycelium
• C. Tertiary mycelium
• D. Quaternary mycelium

Explanation: The correct answer is secondary mycelium. This stage occurs after the primary mycelium has established itself and involves the fusion of cells from two different primary mycelia, leading to a dikaryotic state. This dikaryotic secondary mycelium is capable of forming basidiocarps, which are the fruiting bodies of basidiomycete fungi. Primary mycelium is important for initial growth and nutrient absorption but does not lead to fruiting body formation. Tertiary mycelium refers to further structural developments in some fungi, but is not responsible for basidiocarp formation. Quaternary mycelium is not a recognized term in mycology.

3042. The percentage of symbolic association by Ascomycota is more than:

• A. 50%
• B. 40%
• C. 20%
• D. 30%

Explanation: Ascomycota, also known as sac fungi, are known for their ability to form symbiotic associations, particularly in the form of lichens. These fungi make up a significant portion of lichenized fungi, with studies indicating that over 40% of Ascomycota species engage in such symbiotic relationships. This makes option B the correct answer. Options A, C, and D are incorrect because they either overestimate or underestimate the percentage of symbolic association by Ascomycota.

3043. One of the following statement is true regarding Basidiomycota.

• A. They are most important source of antibiotics
• B. They have no known sexual stage.
• C. Hyphae fuse to give rise to dikaryotic mycelium
• D. The vast majority of spores are formed asexually

Explanation: Basidiomycota are fungi composed of hyphae, which gives rise to dikaryotic mycelium

3044. Consider the following names of some plants.

• A. Grapes
• B. Mango
• C. Oats
• D. Willow

Explanation: In inflorescence: Indeterminate inflorescence. A panicle is a branched raceme in which each branch has more than one flower, as in the astilbe (Astilbe). In angiosperm: Inflorescences. A panicle is a branched raceme in which the branches are themselves racemes (e.g.. yuccas)

3045. Which one of the following is a marine alga?

• A. Nostoc
• B. Volvox
• C. Spirogyra
• D. Ulva

Explanation: Ulva: This is a small genus of marine and brackish water green algae. It is edible and is often called 'Sea Lettuce'.

3046. All of the following are angiosperms except:

• A. Cactus
• B. Amaryllis
• C. Spurge
• D. Firs

Explanation: Answer; A (It should be D instead. Although for A both angiosperm and gymnosperm is coming on different websites, since D is certainly gymnosperm answer should be it.)

3047. The flower of family gramineae (poaceae contains two scales below-ovary, which are called:

• A. glumes
• B. lemma & palea
• C. lodicules
• D. rochilla

Explanation: In the family Gramineae (Poaceae), the flower structure includes unique components like lodicules, which are small scales located below the ovary. These structures help facilitate the opening of the flower for fertilization. The other options, such as glumes, lemma, and palea, are different types of protective bracts associated with the spikelet but do not serve the same function as lodicules. 'Rochilla' is not a relevant term in this context, making it an invalid option.

3048. Alternation of generations in plants is regarded a mechanism for:

• A. Achieving haploidy
• B. Promoting survival
• C. Producing diploidy
• D. Having no significance

Explanation: The concept of alternation of generations in plants involves a life cycle that alternates between a diploid sporophyte stage and a haploid gametophyte stage. This cycle allows plants to utilize both sexual and asexual reproduction, which is crucial for adapting to diverse environmental conditions. Sexual reproduction introduces genetic variation, while asexual reproduction enables rapid colonization. This adaptability is essential for plant survival, especially since plants are immobile and must cope with changing environments. Thus, the primary purpose of this cycle is to promote survival. Options A and C refer to haploidy and diploidy, which are components of the cycle but not its main goal. Option D is incorrect as alternation of generations is indeed significant for plant survival.

3049. Which one among the following is in fact a fruit, but is available in a vegetable shop?

• A. Capsicum annuum
• B. Solanum tuberosum
• C. Medicago denticulata
• D. Bauhinia variegata

Explanation: The correct answer is Capsicum annuum. It is classified as a fruit because it develops from the ovary of a flower and contains seeds. Despite this, it is commonly sold in vegetable shops due to its culinary uses. On the other hand, Solanum tuberosum is a potato, a root vegetable. Medicago denticulata is a type of plant used as fodder, and Bauhinia variegata is a flowering tree, neither of which are typically found in a vegetable shop or classified as fruits.

3050. Class filicinae belongs to "phylum"

• A. Tracheophyta
• B. Bryophyte
• C. Thallophyta
• D. Embryophyta

Explanation: Class filicinae comes under vascular plants or tracheophyta.