Free Forms and Functions of Plants MCQs with Answers

272 Forms and Functions of Plants MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.

Plant nutrition and transport cover mineral uptake, photosynthesis, xylem movement of water and minerals, and phloem translocation of sugars. Plant growth regulators include auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and ethene, whose effects on cell division, elongation, dormancy, fruit ripening and tropic responses should not be confused with mineral nutrition.

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272 questions · page 3 of 28

21. Leaf fall can be prevented with the help of:

  • A. Abscisic Acid
  • B. Auxins
  • C. Florigen
  • D. Cytokinins

Explanation: Cytokinins delay senescence, maintaining chlorophyll/protein content.

Correct answer: Cytokinins

22. Which one increases in the absence of light?

  • A. Uptake of minerals
  • B. Uptake of water
  • C. Elongation of internodes
  • D. Ascent of sap

Explanation: Etiolation → rapid internode elongation in darkness.

Correct answer: Elongation of internodes

23. Phytochromes are involved in:

  • A. Phototropism
  • B. Photorespiration
  • C. Photoperiodism
  • D. Geotropism

Explanation: Phytochrome senses day length → regulates flowering.

Correct answer: Photoperiodism

24. Movement of leaves of sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica) is due to:

  • A. Thermonasty
  • B. Seismonasty
  • C. Hydrotropism
  • D. Chemonasty

Explanation: Mechanical stimulus → turgor loss in pulvini → leaves fold.

Correct answer: Seismonasty

25. The process in which a seed develops into a new plant is:

  • A. Plasmolysis
  • B. Deplasmolysis
  • C. Fertilization
  • D. Germination

Explanation: Germination = emergence of young plant under favorable conditions.

Correct answer: Germination

26. In the higher plants, growth is confined to certain regions called the:

  • A. Meristems
  • B. Epistems
  • C. Peristems
  • D. Mesostems

Explanation: Meristems = actively dividing cells at root/shoot tips or sides.

Correct answer: Meristems

27. The increase in thickness of stems and roots due to the activity of lateral meristems is called:

  • A. Primary Growth
  • B. Secondary Growth
  • C. Tertiary Growth
  • D. Both A and B

Explanation: Secondary growth = thickening by vascular & cork cambium.

Correct answer: Secondary Growth

28. Secondary growth is the increase in diameter of stems and roots due to activity of:

  • A. Xylem
  • B. Phloem
  • C. Cambium
  • D. Cortex

Explanation: Vascular & cork cambium produce secondary tissues → thickening.

Correct answer: Cambium

29. The phase restricted to root and shoot tips, where cells divide continuously, is:

  • A. Formative Phase
  • B. Elongation Phase
  • C. Maturation Phase
  • D. Differentiation Phase

Explanation: Formative phase in meristems → active cell division.

Correct answer: Formative Phase

30. Plant hormone "AUXIN" is:

  • A. Acetic Acid
  • B. Ethyl Acetic Acid
  • C. Methyl Acetic Acid
  • D. Indole Acetic Acid

Explanation: Naturally occurring auxin = Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Regulates cell elongation, apical dominance, phototropism, root initiation, and callus formation.

Correct answer: Indole Acetic Acid