Free Kingdom Fungi MCQs with Answers

41. Ergotism is a:

• A. Viral disease
• B. Bacterial disease
• C. Fungal disease
• D. Parasitic disease

Explanation: Ergotism is a fungal disease, caused by the fungus Claviceps purpurea

42. Fungi that have lost the ability to reproduce sexually are classified into groups:

• A. Ascomycota
• B. Basidiomycota
• C. Zygmycota
• D. Ascansmycota
• E. Deuteromycota.

Explanation: "Deuteromycota, also known as "fungi imperfecti" or "imperfect fungi," is a group that includes fungi that do not exhibit a known sexual reproductive phase or have lost the ability to reproduce sexually. These fungi are characterized by their exclusive or predominant mode of asexual reproduction. They reproduce through processes such as fragmentation, budding, or the production of asexual spores called conidia.".

43. Fungi that maintain soil fertility by decomposing the dead organic matter include:

• A. Endophytic Fungi
• B. Penicillium
• C. Ergot
• D. Rhodotorula
• E. Mycorrhizal Fungi

Explanation: Mycorrhizal fungi are symbiotic fungi that form mutualistic associations with the roots of most plants. They play a crucial role in maintaining soil fertility by decomposing dead organic matter. These fungi break down complex organic compounds, such as decaying plant material or organic residues in the soil, into simpler nutrients that can be readily absorbed by plants. This decomposition process releases essential elements like nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon back into the soil, making them available for plant uptake and contributing to soil fertility.

44. The scientific name of button mushroom is:

• A. Aspergillus flavus
• B. Candida albicans
• C. Agaricus compestris
• D. Histoplasma capsulatum
• E. Cryptococcus neoformans

Explanation: The scientific name of the button mushroom, which is a widely consumed edible mushroom, is Agaricus compestris. This mushroom belongs to the Agaricus genus and is commonly known as the button mushroom due to its small, round shape when immature.

45. Sporangiopores are meant for:

• A. Absorption
• B. Reproduction
• C. Nutrition
• D. Locomotion
• E. Respiration

Explanation: Sporangiophores are specialized structures found in certain fungi, particularly in the group known as Zygomycetes. These structures are responsible for the production and dispersal of spores, which are reproductive units of fungi. Sporangia, which are spore-containing structures, are borne on the sporangiophores. When the spores are mature, the sporangium bursts open, releasing the spores into the surrounding environment for dispersal and further reproduction.

46. Why do molds grow on refrigerated items like oranges and jelly, where bacteria typically cannot?

• A. They are well adapted to live on land
• B. Hyphae are modified
• C. They can tolerate temperature extremes (-5°C and up to 50°C)
• D. They have rhizoids

Explanation: Fungi like molds can grow at lower temperatures where bactaria usually cannot survive.

47. Yeasts are:

• A. Hyphal unicellular fungi
• B. Non-Hyphal unicellular fungi
• C. Hyphal multicellular fungi
• D. Non-Hyphal multicellular fungi
• E. All are incorrect

Explanation: Yeast are unicellular and do not form true hyphae.

48. All fungi :

• A. Have chlorophyll and are autotrophs
• B. Have chlorophyll and are heterotrophs
• C. Lack chlorophyll and are autotrophs
• D. Lack chlorophyll and are heterotrophs

Explanation: Fungi are heterotrophic organisms without chlorophyll.

49. Fungi that obtain their food directly from dead organic matter are called:

• A. Autotrophs
• B. Heterotrophs
• C. Saprotrophs
• D. Chemotrophs

Explanation: Fungi that obtain their food directly from dead organic matter are called Saprotrophs. They secrete enzymes to break down.complex substances in dead plants and animals, and then absorb the nutrients. This makes them important decomposers in ecosystems.

50. Fungi that can grow only on their living host and cannot be grown on available defined growth culture medium are called:

• A. Autotrophs
• B. Saprotrophs
• C. Obligate Parasites
• D. Facultative Parasites

Explanation: Obligate parasites require a living host to survive and grow.