Free Kingdom Prokaryotae MCQs with Answers

91. In bacterial categories the bacteria smaller in number are which of the following?

• A. Gram-negative bacteria
• B. Gram-positive bacteria
• C. Eubacteria
• D. Ancient bacteria

Explanation: Most of the ancient bacteria must have evolved to form modern bacteria or must have gone extinct, that is the reason for their small number.

92. Compared to gram negative bacteria, how many more membrane-bound organelles do gram positive bacteria contain?

• A. 0
• B. 1
• C. 3
• D. 2

Explanation: Gram negative and gram positive bacteria contain the same number of membrane bound organelles.

93. Which of the following structure provides greater pathogenicity to the bacteria?

• A. Slime
• B. Cell wall
• C. Cell membrane
• D. Capsule

Explanation: Correct option: A slime is an extracellular layer that surrounds a bacterial cell and is composed of exopolysaccharide,glycoprotein and glycolipid and is responsible for the pathogenicity of bacteria.

94. A much smaller and ancient bacteria are present in group

• A. Archaebacteria
• B. Lactobacteria
• C. Eubacteria
• D. Anaerobic bacteria

Explanation: Archaebacteria are a distinct group of microorganisms that can survive in extreme environments and are among the oldest forms of life on Earth. "Lactobacteria" is not a recognized term, but "Lactobacillus" is a genus of beneficial bacteria used in fermentation and probiotics. Eubacteria are true bacteria, encompassing a wide range of microorganisms with both positive and negative effects on human health. Anaerobic bacteria are able to survive without oxygen and can be beneficial or harmful depending on the specific species.

95. All of the following is true about bacilli bacteria except?

• A. All bacilli are gram-positive
• B. All bacilli are aerobic
• C. All bacilli are rod-shaped
• D. Both A and B

Explanation: Option D is correct because the question mentions to mention the incorrect options and both options A and B are incorrect about bacilli.

96. When a water sample from a hot thermal vent was tested, it was found to contain a single-celled organism having a cell wall lacking a nucleus. What is its classification most likely?

• A. Eukarya
• B. Fungi
• C. Protista
• D. Archaea

Explanation: The most likely classification for a single-celled organism with a cell wall lacking a nucleus is Archaea. Archaea are a type of prokaryote, which means they are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They are found in extreme environments, such as hot thermal vents, and are thought to be the ancestors of all other life on Earth.

97. Coagulation of bacteria means:

• A. Functional
• B. Conjugation
• C. Normal
• D. Non-functional

Explanation: Coagulation refers to the formation of a solid clot. When bacteria are heated, the bacterial proteins coagulate and become non-functional.Bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells by direct cell-to-cell contact or by a bridge-like connection between two cells. This takes place through a pilus.

98. Which of the following is used for sterilization?

• A. All of these
• B. Moist heat
• C. Gamma rays
• D. Dry heat

Explanation: Sterilization refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life and other biological agents like prions present on/ in a specific surface, object, or fluid, for example, food or biological culture media. All of the given ways can be used for sterilization.

99. Which of the following is a spiral-shaped bacteria?

• A. Cocci
• B. Bacilli
• C. Streptococcus
• D. Spirochete

Explanation: Mainly, bacteria have three shapes: spherical, rod-shaped, and spiral. 1. Spherical: A coccus is a spherical bacteria. Examples of cocci are Streptococcus pneumonia, Neisseria meningitides. 2. Rod-shaped: Bacilli are straight or rod-shaped organisms. When curved into a form resembling a comma, they are known as vibrio, and when present as a stack of coins, they are known as a palisade. Examples of rod-shaped bacteria are Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas. 3. Spiral: Spirochetes are spiral bacteria that usually occur singly or in colonies. An example is Treponema pallidum.

100. Which of the following bacteria is equal to the size of the hyphen?

• A. Mycoplasma genitalum
• B. Staphylococcus aureus
• C. Streptococcus pneumoniae
• D. Eulopiscium fishelsoni

Explanation: Epulopiscium is a group of Gram-positive bacteria that have a symbiotic relationship with surgeonfish. These bacteria are known for their unusually large size, many ranging from 200-700 μm in length. the smallest genus is mycoplasma bacteria.