All Free Sociology MCQs with Answers
Every Sociology question in the bank, across all chapters, each with the correct answer and a written explanation. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
1258 questions · page 37 of 126
361. Nineteenth-century theories of social change reflect the pioneering work in biological evolution done by____________?
- A. Albert Einstein
- B. Charles Darwin
- C. Harriet Martineau
- D. Benjamin Franklin
Explanation: Charles Darwin’s theory of biological evolution strongly influenced nineteenth-century sociological theories of social evolution. Thinkers adapted ideas such as gradual development and survival to explanations of social change.
Correct answer: Charles Darwin362. The rise of globalization was greatly facilitated by_____________?
- A. wealthy aristocrats
- B. sixteenth-century population growth
- C. industrialization
- D. developments in transportation and communication
- E. international migration
Explanation: Modern transportation and communication allowed goods, people, information and ideas to move rapidly across national borders, greatly expanding globalization. Industrialization helped create these developments, but the direct facilitating factors are transportation and communication.
Correct answer: developments in transportation and communication363. Which of the following is not an example of a manufactured risk ?
- A. genetic modification of crops
- B. volcanic eruptions
- C. global warming
- D. the threat of nuclear war
Explanation: Manufactured risks are dangers created or intensified by human technological and industrial activity, such as global warming, genetic modification and nuclear threats. Volcanic eruptions are natural hazards rather than manufactured risks.
Correct answer: volcanic eruptions364. Evolutionary theory is of the view that society like biological organisms moves from___________?
- A. simple to complex
- B. complex to simple
- C. Complex to more complex
- D. None of these
Explanation: Classical evolutionary theory compares social development with biological evolution and generally describes movement from simple forms to increasingly complex forms. The other options either reverse this direction or do not provide the standard starting point.
Correct answer: simple to complex365. The life-course model views aging as______________?
- A. a process that continues from birth to death
- B. a process shaped by the forces of capitalism
- C. a process of adapting to changing social roles
- D. a process shaped by psychological decline
Explanation: The life-course model treats aging as a lifelong process beginning at birth and continuing through death, shaped by social experiences and historical conditions. It is broader than viewing aging only as psychological decline or adjustment to changing roles.
Correct answer: a process that continues from birth to death366. Aging is an important phenomenon in developed countries specially ______________?
- A. Europe
- B. Japan
- C. USA
- D. Both A and B
Explanation: Population ageing is especially prominent in Europe and Japan, where low birth rates and long life expectancy have produced a large elderly population. The USA also has an ageing population, but Europe and Japan are the standard examples in this comparison.
Correct answer: Both A and B367. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a post-industrial society ?
- A. Increasing numbers of workers are employed in the service sector
- B. Many processes in the work place are automated
- C. Economic self-sufficiency is displaced by complex divisions of labour exchange relationships and national and international market systems
- D. Changes are accompanied by the knowledge explosion based on the creation processing and distribution of knowledgePeople & Society
Explanation: Post-industrial societies are marked by service-sector employment, automation, and the growing importance of knowledge. Economic self-sufficiency being replaced by complex divisions of labour and market exchange describes industrialisation more generally, not a distinctive post-industrial characteristic.
Correct answer: Economic self-sufficiency is displaced by complex divisions of labour exchange relationships and national and international market systems368. Great civilizations of world developed in________________?
- A. Mountainous Areas
- B. Great deserts
- C. Lowlands of great river basins
- D. None of these
Explanation: Early civilizations commonly developed in the fertile lowlands of major river basins, including the Nile, Tigris-Euphrates, Indus and Huang He. Rivers supplied water, fertile soil and transport for settled agriculture.
Correct answer: Lowlands of great river basins369. The Bretton Woods institutions are_______________?
- A. The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank
- B. The World Trade Organization and the World Bank
- C. The international Monetary Fund and the World Health Organization
- D. The United Nations and the World Trade Organization
Explanation: The Bretton Woods system created the IMF and the World Bank after the Second World War to support international monetary stability and reconstruction. The WTO was established later, in 1995.
Correct answer: The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank370. The sequence of Rostow,s stages of economic growth are____________?
- A. traditional take-off drive to maturity high mass consumption
- B. traditional drive to maturity high mass consumption take-off
- C. traditional state intervention high mass consumption take-off
- D. traditional dependency modernization take-off
Explanation: Rostow’s sequence moves from traditional society to take-off, then the drive to maturity and finally high mass consumption. The full model also includes an intermediate stage of preconditions for take-off, which is omitted from the options.
Correct answer: traditional take-off drive to maturity high mass consumption