Free Deviance and Social Control MCQs with Answers
98 Deviance and Social Control MCQs from Sociology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
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1. Who is considered as the father of Criminology?
- A. Adler
- B. Sutherland
- C. Lombroso
- D. Becker
Explanation: Cesare Lombroso is widely called the father of criminology because he made the criminal, rather than only the crime or law, the subject of systematic study. Sutherland and Becker are important later criminologists, while Adler is not associated with founding the discipline.
Correct answer: Lombroso2. ____________ crime is used to mean Socio-economic crimes?
- A. White collar
- B. Public property
- C. Cyber
- D. Private property
Explanation: White-collar crime refers to financially motivated, usually non-violent offences committed in occupational or professional settings, and it commonly includes socio-economic crimes. Cybercrime is a method or setting of crime, not the general term for socio-economic offences.
Correct answer: White collar3. White-collar crime is low in visibility because_____________?
- A. it involves only small amounts of money
- B. the proletariat can outsmart the bourgeoise
- C. the police turn a blind eye to corporate crime
- D. it goes undected in the context of everybody business transactions
Explanation: White-collar crime often remains hidden because it is embedded in routine business transactions and complex organisational records, making detection difficult. It is not necessarily limited to small sums, and police neglect is not the general explanation.
Correct answer: it goes undected in the context of everybody business transactions4. If a deviant act is 'normalized' it is______________?
- A. recognized as breaking an important norm of behavior
- B. seen a temporary aberration from an otherwise normal character
- C. the first step in establishing a deviant career
- D. attributed to the person's genetic or anatomical make up
Explanation: When a deviant act is normalized, it may be treated as an unusual or temporary departure rather than evidence of a permanently deviant character. The other choices describe stronger labeling or biological explanations, not normalization.
Correct answer: seen a temporary aberration from an otherwise normal character5. Which one of the following is a strategy for restorative justice ?
- A. community service
- B. imprisonment
- C. electronic tagging
- D. curfews
Explanation: Community service can be restorative when it requires the offender to make a constructive contribution to the community affected by the offence. Imprisonment, electronic tagging and curfews mainly restrict or monitor the offender.
Correct answer: community service6. _______________ Of what is the failure of companies to adhere to legal regulations that apply to them an example ?
- A. white-collar crime
- B. corporate crime
- C. victimless crime
- D. organized crime
Explanation: Corporate crime is illegal conduct committed by a company or by people acting on its behalf in the course of business, including breaches of regulatory requirements. White-collar crime is a wider category that can also include offences by individuals in occupational positions.
Correct answer: corporate crime7. Which policy is supported by the theory of broken windows ?
- A. restorative justice
- B. zero tolerance
- C. target hardening
- D. deterrent sentencingAccess Government Careers
Explanation: Broken-windows theory argues that visible disorder encourages more serious offending, so it is associated with strict enforcement of minor offences, known as zero tolerance. Restorative justice focuses on repairing harm, while target hardening belongs mainly to situational crime prevention.
Correct answer: zero tolerance8. Which approach holds that deviance is not a feature of a group or individual but a process of interaction through which one group becomes defined as deviant ?
- A. labelling theory
- B. control theory
- C. functionalist theory
- D. conflict theory
Explanation: Labelling theory treats deviance as a result of social interaction: authorities or groups apply a deviant label to particular people or behaviour. It therefore rejects the idea that deviance is an inherent quality of an individual or group.
Correct answer: labelling theory9. Which one of the following is an example of a 'third generation' or true cybercrime ?
- A. international drug dealing via email
- B. The global trade in online pornography
- C. the vandalizing of virtual environments
- D. theft of goods sold via online action websitesRun Background Checks
Explanation: Vandalizing virtual environments is a genuinely new form of offending that depends on digital technology, making it a third-generation cybercrime. Drug dealing, pornography, and theft conducted online are traditional crimes transferred to an online setting.
Correct answer: the vandalizing of virtual environments10. The approach to crime prevention based on increased surveillance (such as CCTV and Neighborhood Watch schemes) and target hardening (such as a car immobilizers and better home security) is known as what ?
- A. the new criminology
- B. broken windows theory
- C. situational crime prevention
- D. deviance reduction theory
Explanation: Situational crime prevention reduces opportunities for offending through measures such as CCTV, neighbourhood surveillance, immobilizers, and improved locks. Broken-windows theory explains disorder and enforcement responses, but it is not the name of this opportunity-reduction approach.
Correct answer: situational crime preventionDeviance and Social Control MCQs: common questions
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