Free Social Change and Development MCQs with Answers
175 Social Change and Development MCQs from Sociology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
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175 questions · page 3 of 18
21. Compared With the sate formation process in industrialized countries which one of the following created major problems for developing societies ?
- A. the lack of a strong work ethic
- B. the legacy of economic mismanagement by local leaders
- C. the lock of a democratic culture
- D. the legacy of colonialism
Explanation: Colonial rule often imposed artificial borders, weakened indigenous institutions and created dependent economies, making state formation difficult after independence. This historical legacy was more structurally significant than a general lack of work ethic or democratic culture.
Correct answer: the legacy of colonialism22. Mary Kaldor (2006) argues that globalization processes lie at the heart of many new wars Which of the following is not an example of the increasing globalization of conflict ?
- A. the presence of diaspora volunteer fighters
- B. the recourse of combatants to small -scale guerrilla tactics
- C. the involvement of international NGOs
- D. the role of multinational United Nations peacekeeping troops
Explanation: Diaspora fighters, international NGOs and multinational UN peacekeepers connect conflicts across national borders and therefore show globalisation. Small-scale guerrilla tactics describe a method of fighting, not the internationalisation of conflict.
Correct answer: the recourse of combatants to small -scale guerrilla tactics23. The abbreviation "NIMBY" stands for "not in my backyard" a cry often heard when people protest____________?
- A. landfills
- B. prisons
- C. nuclear power facilities
- D. all of the above
Explanation: NIMBY protests commonly oppose locally situated facilities such as landfills, prisons, and nuclear power plants because residents object to their perceived risks or nuisances near their homes. Thus, all three examples fit.
Correct answer: all of the above24. Nineteenth-century theories of social change reflect the pioneering work in biological evolution done by____________?
- A. Albert Einstein
- B. Charles Darwin
- C. Harriet Martineau
- D. Benjamin Franklin
Explanation: Charles Darwin’s theory of biological evolution strongly influenced nineteenth-century sociological theories of social evolution. Thinkers adapted ideas such as gradual development and survival to explanations of social change.
Correct answer: Charles Darwin25. The rise of globalization was greatly facilitated by_____________?
- A. wealthy aristocrats
- B. sixteenth-century population growth
- C. industrialization
- D. developments in transportation and communication
- E. international migration
Explanation: Modern transportation and communication allowed goods, people, information and ideas to move rapidly across national borders, greatly expanding globalization. Industrialization helped create these developments, but the direct facilitating factors are transportation and communication.
Correct answer: developments in transportation and communication26. Which of the following is not an example of a manufactured risk ?
- A. genetic modification of crops
- B. volcanic eruptions
- C. global warming
- D. the threat of nuclear war
Explanation: Manufactured risks are dangers created or intensified by human technological and industrial activity, such as global warming, genetic modification and nuclear threats. Volcanic eruptions are natural hazards rather than manufactured risks.
Correct answer: volcanic eruptions27. Evolutionary theory is of the view that society like biological organisms moves from___________?
- A. simple to complex
- B. complex to simple
- C. Complex to more complex
- D. None of these
Explanation: Classical evolutionary theory compares social development with biological evolution and generally describes movement from simple forms to increasingly complex forms. The other options either reverse this direction or do not provide the standard starting point.
Correct answer: simple to complex28. The life-course model views aging as______________?
- A. a process that continues from birth to death
- B. a process shaped by the forces of capitalism
- C. a process of adapting to changing social roles
- D. a process shaped by psychological decline
Explanation: The life-course model treats aging as a lifelong process beginning at birth and continuing through death, shaped by social experiences and historical conditions. It is broader than viewing aging only as psychological decline or adjustment to changing roles.
Correct answer: a process that continues from birth to death29. Aging is an important phenomenon in developed countries specially ______________?
- A. Europe
- B. Japan
- C. USA
- D. Both A and B
Explanation: Population ageing is especially prominent in Europe and Japan, where low birth rates and long life expectancy have produced a large elderly population. The USA also has an ageing population, but Europe and Japan are the standard examples in this comparison.
Correct answer: Both A and B30. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a post-industrial society ?
- A. Increasing numbers of workers are employed in the service sector
- B. Many processes in the work place are automated
- C. Economic self-sufficiency is displaced by complex divisions of labour exchange relationships and national and international market systems
- D. Changes are accompanied by the knowledge explosion based on the creation processing and distribution of knowledgePeople & Society
Explanation: Post-industrial societies are marked by service-sector employment, automation, and the growing importance of knowledge. Economic self-sufficiency being replaced by complex divisions of labour and market exchange describes industrialisation more generally, not a distinctive post-industrial characteristic.
Correct answer: Economic self-sufficiency is displaced by complex divisions of labour exchange relationships and national and international market systems