Free Social Institutions MCQs with Answers
141 Social Institutions MCQs from Sociology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
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141 questions · page 14 of 15
131. Which one of these would not be regarded as a dysfunction of bureaucracy according to Merton ?
- A. the rules could be upheld at all cost even in the face of a better solution
- B. people know they should be guaranteed fair and consistent treatment
- C. adherence to the rules takes precedence over organizational goals
- D. workers are not encouraged to be flexible in making decisions
Explanation: Fair and consistent treatment is a potential strength of bureaucracy, not a dysfunction. Merton's dysfunctions include rigid rule-following, prioritizing procedure over organizational goals, and discouraging flexible decisions.
Correct answer: people know they should be guaranteed fair and consistent treatment132. De Gournay coined the phrase an illness of bureau mania to describe ?
- A. the chaos of informal organizations
- B. the compulsion to work in offices
- C. the developing power of officials
- D. politicians abuse of power and influence
Explanation: De Gournay used the idea of bureaucratic illness to criticize the growing power and influence of officials. The phrase refers to bureaucratic domination, not simply office work or informal organizational disorder.
Correct answer: the developing power of officials133. Paul du Gay's (2000) In Praise of Bureaucracy makes two important points in defense of bureaucratic forms of organization Which two points are they? A bureaucratic ethos ?
- A. is compatible with private sector values and includes impartial and equal treatment for all
- B. ensures administrative responsibility for the public interest and includes impartial and equal treatment for all
- C. ensures that politicians goals can be met even against opposition and ensures administrative responsibility for the public interest
- D. is compatible with private sector values and ensures that politicians goals can be met even against opposition
Explanation: Du Gay's defence presents bureaucracy as compatible with private-sector organization and values impartial, equal treatment. Administrative responsibility and protection from personal or political favour are central to this bureaucratic ethos.
Correct answer: is compatible with private sector values and includes impartial and equal treatment for all134. The number of intonational non-governmental from less than 200 at the start of the twentieth century to how many in 2006 ?
- A. 5,164
- B. 8,898
- C. 51,509
- D. 123,305
Explanation: The number of international non-governmental organizations increased dramatically, reaching about 51,509 by 2006. This growth reflects the expansion of global civil society and transnational organizations.
Correct answer: 51,509135. Who thought that within organizations there exists an iron law of oligarchy ?
- A. Max Weber
- B. Zygmunt Bauman
- C. Michel Foucault
- D. Robert Michel's
Explanation: Robert Michels formulated the iron law of oligarchy, arguing that even democratic organizations tend to develop leadership elites. The misspelled option “Robert Michel's” clearly refers to Michels.
Correct answer: Robert Michel's136. When workers organized unions and forced management to recognize that they were not objects theorists of formal organizations began to revise the________________?
- A. classical theory
- B. scientific management approach
- C. human relations approach
- D. both A and B
Explanation: Union pressure helped challenge the view of workers as mere objects in classical and scientific-management theories. These criticisms contributed to revised approaches, especially the human-relations perspective, so both A and B are included.
Correct answer: both A and B137. Which of the following was the earliest example of an international organization ?
- A. the Pan-Arab League
- B. the Hanseatic League
- C. the Football League
- D. the League of Nations
Explanation: The Hanseatic League was a medieval commercial and political association linking cities and merchants across northern Europe, preceding the modern League of Nations. The other leagues listed were created later or are not comparable international organizations.
Correct answer: the Hanseatic League138. The emergence of a consolidated network of business leadership is most compatible with which ideal-type of capitalism ?
- A. family capitalism
- B. managerial capitalism
- C. welfare capitalism
- D. institutional capitalism
Explanation: Institutional capitalism is associated with interconnected organizations, corporations, and business leaders forming a consolidated system of corporate influence. Family capitalism instead centres control on kinship and family ownership.
Correct answer: institutional capitalism139. Meyer and Rowan,s assertion that roman rules are often myths means ?
- A. that the rules were written down a long time in the past
- B. that the rules never in fact existed in the first place
- C. that the rules have little actual substance in reality
- D. that rules are a hindrance in large organization
Explanation: Meyer and Rowan argued that formal rational rules can function as institutional myths: organizations adopt them to appear legitimate even when they have little effect on actual practice. Thus, “myths” does not mean the rules never existed, but that their practical substance may be limited.
Correct answer: that the rules have little actual substance in reality140. Which of the following is not one of Perlmutter,s (1972) types of transnational corporations ?
- A. polycentric
- B. ethnocentric
- C. heliocentric
- D. geocentric
Explanation: Perlmutter identified ethnocentric, polycentric, and geocentric orientations for multinational corporations. Heliocentric is not one of his standard types.
Correct answer: heliocentric